Sex Differences in the uptake of health care services in persons with disabilities. Identifying barriers to health care access

Background Evidence suggests that disability is more common among vulnerable populations which include women, elderly and children. And people with disabilities face widespread barriers in accessing services in relation to health, education, employment and transport. This study looks at the barriers women with disability face in accessing heath care services. The present study was undertaken in two states of India - Andhra Pradesh (Medak district) and Karnataka (Bidar). This is a descriptive study with a nested case control for comparison of access to health, education and employment status among those with and without disability The study was funded by CBM South Asia Regional Office (SARO) and was technically supported by CBM SARO Aim The main aim of the study was to look into whether women with disability have equitable access to health care in India and if there are disparities in access, the underlying causes and reasons for the same

E-call Complaint Service Using GSM and GPS Based on Embedded System

In a very critical situation many vehicles face accident in India, due to this lot of human death occurs. After that accident, some life cannot be saved due to lack of information, time and region. In this proposed system, we will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. E-call is the telecommunication carrier aimed to offer the automatic notification of the street accident based at the GPS positioning and provision of E-name prioritization within the GSM communication. Suppose when a person met with an accident, the place of the vehicle can be identified by using GPS immediately and emergency number stored in the microcontroller will send accident location as SMS message through GSM modem. Initiative calls from emergency number to relatives, ambulance, police and fire service which are already stored in the server database. With the help of the E-call telecommunication service, the recipient can trace the location which helps to save many life. So, as soon as the recipient reaches the location they will try to save the life of the victim

Autoclaves for Aerospace Applications: Issues and Challenges

The Council of Scientific and Industerial Research National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR-NAL), Bangalore, India has been engaged in the research of autoclaves for the past three decades and has pioneered their development and usage in India for aerospace/aircraft structural applications. The autoclaves at CSIR-NAL have played a significant role in all the major national aircraft/aerospace programs. The largest aerospace autoclave in India (working size of 4.4 m diameter and 9.0 m length) has been successfully commissioned at CSIR-NAL. This paper gives the technological challenges faced and the innovative concepts that were introduced in these autoclaves

The non-pathogenic mycobacteria M. smegmatis and M. fortuitum induce rapid host cell apoptosis via a caspase-3 and TNF dependent pathway

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The HIV pandemic raised the potential for facultative-pathogenic mycobacterial species like, <it>Mycobacterium kansasii</it>, to cause disseminating disease in humans with immune deficiencies. In contrast, non-pathogenic mycobacterial species, like <it>M. smegmatis</it>, are not known to cause disseminating disease even in immunocompromised individuals. We hypothesized that this difference in phenotype could be explained by the strong induction of an innate immune response by the non-pathogenic mycobacterial species.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A comparison of two rapid-growing, non-pathogenic species (<it>M. smegmatis </it>and <it>M. fortuitum</it>) with two facultative-pathogenic species (<it>M. kansasii </it>and <it>M. bovis </it>BCG) demonstrated that only the non-pathogenic bacteria induced strong apoptosis in human THP-1 cells and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and dendritic cells (BMDD). The phospho-<it>myo</it>-inositol modification of lipoarabinomannan (PI-LAM) isolated from non-pathogenic species may be one of the cell wall components responsible for the pro-inflammatory activity of the whole bacteria. Indeed, PI-LAM induces high levels of apoptosis and IL-12 expression compared to the mannosyl modification of LAM isolated from facultative-pathogenic mycobacteria. The apoptosis induced by non-pathogenic <it>M. smegmatis </it>was dependent upon caspase-3 activation and TNF secretion. Consistently, BALB/c BMDM responded by secreting large amounts of TNF upon infection with non-pathogenic but not facultative-pathogenic mycobacteria. Interestingly, C57Bl/6 BMDM do not undergo apoptosis upon infection with non-pathogenic mycobacteria despite the fact that they still induce an increase in TNF secretion. This suggests that the host cell signaling pathways are different between these two mouse genotypes and that TNF is necessary but not sufficient to induce host cell apoptosis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results demonstrate a much stronger induction of the innate immune response by non-pathogenic versus facultative-pathogenic mycobacteria as measured by host cell apoptosis, IL-12 and TNF cytokine induction. These observations lend support to the hypothesis that the strong induction of the innate immune response is a major reason for the lack of pathogenicity in fast-growing mycobacteria.</p

3A Distributed Method Algorithm for Exact Side Load Managing Smart Grid Using LABVIEW

The advancement of hybrid energy resources such as solar and wind power leading to the emergence of customer owned grid. It provides an opportunity to regulars to obtain low energy costs as well as enabling the power supplier to regulate the utility grid. There is a need to develop smart systems that will automatically submit energy demand schedule and monitors energy price signals in real-time without the prompt of customers. In this paper, a demand side energy management for a grid connected household and also smart preparation of electrical appliance have been presented. It also reduces electricity bill for the consumers in the grid. In addition to this, when production is high, the surplus energy fashioned in the customer owned grid is given to main grid or neighboring micro grids. The simulation of the entire system is presented using LabVIEW software

THE LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN KALABURAGI, NORTH KARNATAKA, A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

Objective:Physical activity (PA) is associated with several health benefits. Level of physical activity among undergraduate medical students is less studied. The objective of the study is to assess the level of physical activity among medical students in a medical college in North Karnataka, Kalburgi district.Methods:A cross sectional survey using GPAQ questionnaire version 2 developed by WHO was done among 167 study participants. The ration of male to female were 69:98. The total level of physical activity in three domains namely work-related PA, travel to and from places related PA and leisure time PA were calculated and were expressed as MET-min per week.Results:90% of the students have physical activity levels over 600 MET-min per week. 10% of students showed inactive physical activity levels (&lt;600 MET-min per week). The level of PA during work was more than the travel to and from places related PA and leisure time PA. Male participants were found to be significantly more active than female participants in work-related PA and leisure time vigorous PA. Travel related PA was similar in both male and female participants.Conclusion:The study provides MET-min per week score in undergraduate medical student which could provide baseline values for students of a medical college in North Karnataka. The data collected could be compared with the values obtained from other part of the state and our country